A month ago and in previous semiannual pronouncements, the US Treasury department failed to tag any of the United States’ major trading partners as a “currency manipulator”, but all we really focus on is China. Since Secretary Paulson was confirmed, the Chinese currency (Renminbi or Yuan, take your pick of terms) has appreciated slightly, but I doubt fast or far enough for Senators Chuck Schumer (D-NY) and Lindsey Graham (R-SC) who have been leading the revaluation fight for several years.
With all this concentration on China and currency manipulation, there is a potential to disregard another form of manipulation that might exist. How about commodity manipulation? With all their demand for natural resources, China is creating rapid and dramatic increases in everything from oil to zinc. Commodity inflation makes all of our companies less competitive and I suspect it has caused much more damage to jobs and our economy than the currency peg.
The proceeds from China’s trade growth has allowed them to purchase about $1 trillion in US Treasuries but it has also allowed them to stockpile physical commodities and financial contracts for the same. It would be easy to say that they need all of that to supply their growth needs but I doubt it’s that simple. How tough would it be for them to manipulate commodities? When you think of oil prices today - who is controlling the situation more: OPEC(supply) or China(demand)? What about their influence on metals? China’s impact on commodity prices has been understandable, but have all the price swings been unintentional?
In 2001, China’s plan was to create a reserve of 6 million tons by 2005. Now the goal is to create storage capacity of 12 million metric tons in the first phase, 28 million tons more in the second phase and another 28 million tons in the third stage. Currently, the International Energy Association recommends reserves equal to 90 days of net imports. For January to June 2006, China had net imported oil of approximately 2.85 million bpd. That would equate to an IEA-compliant reserve of 35 metric tons or 250 million barrels. Note that this is a fraction of the US Strategic Petroleum Reserve which had 688.5 million barrels as of December 1, 2006 and a target of 1 billion barrels. US SPR inventory data is published monthly and it would be neat to see China’s reserve data in similar fashion, but don’t count on it.
Last July, Xu Yongsheng, deputy director of the energy bureau under the National Development and Reform Commission, China’s top economic planning body was discussing their plan to stockpile oil and said “Of course we have no intention of starting the filling process now, when oil prices are above $70 a barrel.” Since then, the price of oil has declined about 30%. HMMM? Maybe China likes $50 per barrel better to fill its reserves. There is a lot of hype over OPEC’s oil price targets and yet, they are not being achieved. I am much more interested in trying to figure out China’s oil price targets, aren’t you? And while we are at it, how about their price targets for copper, steel, zinc, aluminum, etc. etc. China may or may not be a currency manipulator but I think it’s much easier for them to be a commodity manipulator.